Chapter Text
Prophecy and Tongues
Follow after charity, and desire spiritual gifts, but rather that ye may prophesy.
2For he that speaketh in an unknown tongue speaketh not unto men, but unto God: for no man understandeth him; howbeit in the spirit he speaketh mysteries.
3But he that prophesieth speaketh unto men to edification, and exhortation, and comfort.
4He that speaketh in an unknown tongue edifieth himself; but he that prophesieth edifieth the church.
5I would that ye all spake with tongues, but rather that ye prophesied: for greater is he that prophesieth than he that speaketh with tongues, except he interpret, that the church may receive edifying.
6Now, brethren, if I come unto you speaking with tongues, what shall I profit you, except I shall speak to you either by revelation, or by knowledge, or by prophesying, or by doctrine?
7And even things without life giving sound, whether pipe or harp, except they give a distinction in the sounds, how shall it be known what is piped or harped?
8For if the trumpet give an uncertain sound, who shall prepare himself to the battle?
9So likewise ye, except ye utter by the tongue words easy to be understood, how shall it be known what is spoken? for ye shall speak into the air.
10There are, it may be, so many kinds of voices in the world, and none of them is without signification .
11Therefore if I know not the meaning of the voice, I shall be unto him that speaketh a barbarian, and he that speaketh shall be a barbarian unto me.
12Even so ye, forasmuch as ye are zealous of spiritual gifts, seek that ye may excel to the edifying of the church.
13Wherefore let him that speaketh in an unknown tongue pray that he may interpret.
14For if I pray in an unknown tongue, my spirit prayeth, but my understanding is unfruitful.
15What is it then? I will pray with the spirit, and I will pray with the understanding also: I will sing with the spirit, and I will sing with the understanding also.
16Else when thou shalt bless with the spirit, how shall he that occupieth the room of the unlearned say Amen at thy giving of thanks, seeing he understandeth not what thou sayest?
17For thou verily givest thanks well, but the other is not edified.
18I thank my God, I speak with tongues more than ye all:
19Yet in the church I had rather speak five words with my understanding, that by my voice I might teach others also, than ten thousand words in an unknown tongue.
20Brethren, be not children in understanding: howbeit in malice be ye children, but in understanding be men.
21In the law it is written, With men of other tongues and other lips will I speak unto this people; and yet for all that will they not hear me, saith the Lord.
22Wherefore tongues are for a sign, not to them that believe, but to them that believe not: but prophesying serveth not for them that believe not, but for them which believe.
23If therefore the whole church be come together into one place, and all speak with tongues, and there come in those that are unlearned, or unbelievers, will they not say that ye are mad?
24But if all prophesy, and there come in one that believeth not, or one unlearned, he is convinced of all, he is judged of all:
25And thus are the secrets of his heart made manifest; and so falling down on his face he will worship God, and report that God is in you of a truth.
Orderly Worship
26How is it then, brethren? when ye come together, every one of you hath a psalm, hath a doctrine, hath a tongue, hath a revelation, hath an interpretation. Let all things be done unto edifying.
27If any man speak in an unknown tongue, let it be by two, or at the most by three, and that by course; and let one interpret.
28But if there be no interpreter, let him keep silence in the church; and let him speak to himself, and to God.
29Let the prophets speak two or three, and let the other judge.
30If any thing be revealed to another that sitteth by, let the first hold his peace.
31For ye may all prophesy one by one , that all may learn, and all may be comforted.
32And the spirits of the prophets are subject to the prophets.
33For God is not the author of confusion, but of peace, as in all churches of the saints.
34Let your women keep silence in the churches: for it is not permitted unto them to speak; but they are commanded to be under obedience, as also saith the law.
35And if they will learn any thing, let them ask their husbands at home: for it is a shame for women to speak in the church.
36What? came the word of God out from you? or came it unto you only?
37If any man think himself to be a prophet, or spiritual, let him acknowledge that the things that I write unto you are the commandments of the Lord.
38But if any man be ignorant, let him be ignorant.
39Wherefore, brethren, covet to prophesy, and forbid not to speak with tongues.
40Let all things be done decently and in order.
Summary
Paul urges the Corinthians to pursue love and earnestly desire spiritual gifts, especially prophecy. He explains that speaking in tongues edifies the speaker but prophecy edifies the whole church. Paul instructs that in the assembly, intelligible speech is far more valuable than unintelligible tongues. He sets guidelines for orderly worship: two or three may speak in tongues if there is an interpreter, and prophets should speak in turn. All things should be done decently and in order.
Meaning
Paul's regulation of spiritual gifts prioritizes the edification of the entire congregation over individual spiritual experiences. The gift of prophecy, which communicates God's truth in understandable language, is valued above tongues precisely because it benefits everyone present.
The principle that all things be done decently and in order does not suppress the Spirit's work but channels it for maximum impact. Worship that confuses or alienates visitors fails to serve the gospel's purpose. Paul envisions a gathering where the Spirit moves powerfully through ordered, intelligible, and convicting speech that causes outsiders to fall on their faces and declare that God is truly present among His people.
Background
The Corinthians apparently elevated the gift of tongues above all others, possibly because of its association with ecstatic experiences in pagan religion. Paul's instruction that tongues require interpretation ensured that this gift served the community. The reference to women keeping silence in the churches has been interpreted variously as addressing specific disruptive behavior, the evaluation of prophecy, or a broader principle of order in worship.
Chapter Outline
- vv. 1-5Prophecy preferred over tongues
- vv. 6-12The need for intelligible speech
- vv. 13-19Praying with spirit and understanding
- vv. 20-25Tongues and prophecy as signs
- vv. 26-33Order in corporate worship
- vv. 34-36Instructions concerning women
- vv. 37-40Final apostolic charge
Key Verses
“Follow after charity, and desire spiritual gifts, but rather that ye may prophesy.”— 14:1
The chapter's thesis verse, linking the love of chapter 13 to the proper exercise of spiritual gifts and ranking prophecy as the most edifying.
“For God is not the author of confusion, but of peace, as in all churches of the saints.”— 14:33
A foundational verse on the character of God and the ordering of corporate worship, frequently cited in discussions of church order and discipline.
“Let all things be done decently and in order.”— 14:40
Paul's summary command for Christian worship, one of the most quoted verses in ecclesiology and liturgical practice across all traditions.
People & Places
People
- Paul — The apostle writing to correct disorder in Corinthian worship and instruct on spiritual gifts.
Prophecy & Fulfillment
Paul cites Isaiah 28:11-12 in verse 21, applying the prophecy of God speaking through 'men of other tongues' to the Corinthian situation. Originally a warning to unbelieving Israel that foreign-tongued Assyrian invaders would be God's voice of judgment, Paul reapplies it to show that the gift of tongues functions as a sign of judgment to unbelievers, not a tool for edifying the gathered church. This grounds his pastoral instruction in the prophetic word.
Devotional
Paul's correction to the Corinthians cuts against a perennial temptation: prizing spiritual experiences that impress us over those that build up others. The question he presses is not 'is this gift real?' but 'does it edify?' Love seeks the good of the room, not the spotlight of the individual.
In daily life this means measuring our words, our worship, and even our zeal by whether they serve others. God is a God of peace, not confusion. Whatever stirs our hearts should also bring clarity, comfort, and order to those around us.
Literary Style
Apostolic epistle in didactic and hortatory mode. Paul employs rhetorical questions, everyday analogies (pipe, harp, trumpet, foreign languages), an Old Testament citation, and direct imperatives, building a sustained pastoral argument that culminates in concrete regulations for worship.