My Notes
Commentary
Trusted original commentary from respected historical Bible scholars and theologians.
Baptist theologian, 1697–1771
Gill's Exposition
And the Egyptians made the children of Israel to serve with rigour. Or with breach (c), with what might tend to break their strength; they laid heavier burdens upon them, obliged them to harder…
Methodist theologian, 1762–1832
Adam Clarke
To serve with rigour - בפרך bepharech, with cruelty, great oppression; being ferocious with them. The word fierce is supposed by some to be derived from the Hebrew, as well as the Latin ferox, from…
The land of Egypt here, at length, becomes to Israel a house of bondage, though hitherto it had been a happy shelter and settlement for them. Note, The place of our satisfaction may soon become the…