Chapter Text
The Prophet's Grief
I am the man that hath seen affliction by the rod of his wrath.
2He hath led me, and brought me into darkness, but not into light.
3Surely against me is he turned; he turneth his hand against me all the day.
4My flesh and my skin hath he made old; he hath broken my bones.
5He hath builded against me, and compassed me with gall and travail.
6He hath set me in dark places, as they that be dead of old.
7He hath hedged me about, that I cannot get out: he hath made my chain heavy.
8Also when I cry and shout, he shutteth out my prayer.
9He hath inclosed my ways with hewn stone, he hath made my paths crooked.
10He was unto me as a bear lying in wait, and as a lion in secret places.
11He hath turned aside my ways, and pulled me in pieces: he hath made me desolate.
12He hath bent his bow, and set me as a mark for the arrow.
13He hath caused the arrows of his quiver to enter into my reins.
14I was a derision to all my people; and their song all the day.
15He hath filled me with bitterness, he hath made me drunken with wormwood.
16He hath also broken my teeth with gravel stones, he hath covered me with ashes.
17And thou hast removed my soul far off from peace: I forgat prosperity.
18And I said, My strength and my hope is perished from the LORD:
19Remembering mine affliction and my misery, the wormwood and the gall.
20My soul hath them still in remembrance, and is humbled in me.
21This I recall to my mind, therefore have I hope.
Great Is Thy Faithfulness
22It is of the LORD'S mercies that we are not consumed, because his compassions fail not.
23They are new every morning: great is thy faithfulness.
24The LORD is my portion, saith my soul; therefore will I hope in him.
25The LORD is good unto them that wait for him, to the soul that seeketh him.
26It is good that a man should both hope and quietly wait for the salvation of the LORD.
27It is good for a man that he bear the yoke in his youth.
28He sitteth alone and keepeth silence, because he hath borne it upon him.
29He putteth his mouth in the dust; if so be there may be hope.
30He giveth his cheek to him that smiteth him: he is filled full with reproach.
31For the Lord will not cast off for ever:
32But though he cause grief, yet will he have compassion according to the multitude of his mercies.
33For he doth not afflict willingly nor grieve the children of men.
34To crush under his feet all the prisoners of the earth,
35To turn aside the right of a man before the face of the most High,
36To subvert a man in his cause, the Lord approveth not.
37Who is he that saith, and it cometh to pass, when the Lord commandeth it not?
38Out of the mouth of the most High proceedeth not evil and good?
39Wherefore doth a living man complain, a man for the punishment of his sins?
40Let us search and try our ways, and turn again to the LORD.
41Let us lift up our heart with our hands unto God in the heavens.
42We have transgressed and have rebelled: thou hast not pardoned.
43Thou hast covered with anger, and persecuted us: thou hast slain, thou hast not pitied.
44Thou hast covered thyself with a cloud, that our prayer should not pass through.
45Thou hast made us as the offscouring and refuse in the midst of the people.
46All our enemies have opened their mouths against us.
47Fear and a snare is come upon us, desolation and destruction.
48Mine eye runneth down with rivers of water for the destruction of the daughter of my people.
49Mine eye trickleth down, and ceaseth not, without any intermission,
50Till the LORD look down, and behold from heaven.
51Mine eye affecteth mine heart because of all the daughters of my city.
52Mine enemies chased me sore, like a bird, without cause.
53They have cut off my life in the dungeon, and cast a stone upon me.
54Waters flowed over mine head; then I said, I am cut off.
55I called upon thy name, O LORD, out of the low dungeon.
56Thou hast heard my voice: hide not thine ear at my breathing, at my cry.
57Thou drewest near in the day that I called upon thee: thou saidst, Fear not.
58O Lord, thou hast pleaded the causes of my soul; thou hast redeemed my life.
59O LORD, thou hast seen my wrong: judge thou my cause.
60Thou hast seen all their vengeance and all their imaginations against me.
61Thou hast heard their reproach, O LORD, and all their imaginations against me;
62The lips of those that rose up against me, and their device against me all the day.
63Behold their sitting down, and their rising up; I am their musick.
64Render unto them a recompence, O LORD, according to the work of their hands.
65Give them sorrow of heart, thy curse unto them.
66Persecute and destroy them in anger from under the heavens of the LORD.
Summary
The poet speaks in the first person, describing himself as a man who has seen affliction by the rod of God's wrath. He has been led into darkness, besieged with bitterness and tribulation. God has shut out his prayer and blocked his way with hewn stone.
Yet in the midst of this despair, the poet turns: the Lord's mercies are not consumed. They are new every morning. Great is Thy faithfulness. The Lord is my portion, says my soul, therefore I will hope in Him. It is good that a man should quietly wait for the salvation of the Lord.
Meaning
This chapter contains the most dramatic emotional reversal in all of Scripture. From the depths of absolute despair, the poet ascends to the heights of unwavering trust without any change in external circumstances.
The declaration that God's mercies are new every morning has sustained countless believers through suffering. It teaches that divine compassion is not exhausted by human sin or by the severity of divine discipline. The statement "Great is Thy faithfulness" anchors hope not in present experience but in God's unchanging character. Faith at its finest trusts God's nature when God's actions seem incomprehensible.
Background
Lamentations 3:22-23 inspired the beloved hymn "Great Is Thy Faithfulness" by Thomas Chisholm. This passage has become one of the most quoted texts in all of the Old Testament.
The threefold acrostic structure of this chapter, where three consecutive verses begin with the same Hebrew letter, gives it exceptional emphasis and weight within the book.
Chapter Outline
- vv. 1-18The depths of personal affliction
- vv. 19-24Hope recalled: mercies new every morning
- vv. 25-30The goodness of quiet waiting
- vv. 31-39God's compassion and sovereign justice
- vv. 40-47A call to corporate repentance
- vv. 48-54Tears for a ruined people
- vv. 55-66The cry from the dungeon answered
Key Verses
“It is of the LORD'S mercies that we are not consumed, because his compassions fail not.”— 3:22
A cornerstone declaration of divine mercy amid judgment, affirming that God's covenant love preserves His people even when they deserve destruction.
“They are new every morning: great is thy faithfulness.”— 3:23
One of the most beloved verses in Scripture and the inspiration for the hymn 'Great Is Thy Faithfulness,' encapsulating the daily renewal of God's steadfast love.
“It is good that a man should both hope and quietly wait for the salvation of the LORD.”— 3:26
A foundational text on patient trust, teaching that quiet, hopeful waiting is itself an act of faith and spiritual discipline.
“For he doth not afflict willingly nor grieve the children of men.”— 3:33
Reveals the heart of God in judgment — that affliction is never His delight, a verse vital to theodicy and pastoral comfort in suffering.
People & Places
People
- The man (Jeremiah / suffering speaker) — The first-person voice of the chapter, traditionally identified as Jeremiah, who personifies Judah's affliction and intercedes for the people.
Prophecy & Fulfillment
Verses 30 ('He giveth his cheek to him that smiteth him') and the surrounding pattern of silent, unjust suffering foreshadow the Messianic Servant of Isaiah 50:6 and find ultimate fulfillment in Christ's passion, who offered His cheek to those who struck Him (Matthew 26:67). The lament of one cast into the 'low dungeon' (v. 53-55) and delivered by God prefigures Christ's descent into death and resurrection. Paul echoes verse 45 ('the offscouring and refuse') in 1 Corinthians 4:13 to describe apostolic suffering in union with Christ.
Devotional
In the darkest middle of the Bible's saddest book, hope erupts. The speaker catalogs his anguish for twenty verses before turning a single sentence: 'This I recall to my mind, therefore have I hope.' Hope here is not a feeling that arrives; it is a memory deliberately summoned.
When circumstances flatten you, the discipline of remembering God's mercies becomes survival. His compassions are new every morning — not stockpiled from yesterday, but freshly delivered for today's need.
Quiet waiting, bearing the yoke, searching our ways, and lifting heart and hands together — these are the postures of faith that outlast affliction.
Literary Style
Hebrew lament poetry structured as a triple acrostic — sixty-six verses in twenty-two stanzas of three lines, each stanza beginning with a successive letter of the Hebrew alphabet. The chapter blends individual lament, wisdom reflection, communal confession, and imprecatory prayer, with vivid metaphor and abrupt tonal shifts.