Chapter Text
Warnings and Encouragements
In the mean time, when there were gathered together an innumerable multitude of people, insomuch that they trode one upon another, he began to say unto his disciples first of all, Beware ye of the leaven of the Pharisees, which is hypocrisy.
2For there is nothing covered, that shall not be revealed; neither hid, that shall not be known.
3Therefore whatsoever ye have spoken in darkness shall be heard in the light; and that which ye have spoken in the ear in closets shall be proclaimed upon the housetops.
4And I say unto you my friends, Be not afraid of them that kill the body, and after that have no more that they can do.
5But I will forewarn you whom ye shall fear: Fear him, which after he hath killed hath power to cast into hell; yea, I say unto you, Fear him.
6Are not five sparrows sold for two farthings, and not one of them is forgotten before God?
7But even the very hairs of your head are all numbered. Fear not therefore: ye are of more value than many sparrows.
8Also I say unto you, Whosoever shall confess me before men, him shall the Son of man also confess before the angels of God:
9But he that denieth me before men shall be denied before the angels of God.
10And whosoever shall speak a word against the Son of man, it shall be forgiven him: but unto him that blasphemeth against the Holy Ghost it shall not be forgiven.
11And when they bring you unto the synagogues, and unto magistrates, and powers, take ye no thought how or what thing ye shall answer, or what ye shall say:
12For the Holy Ghost shall teach you in the same hour what ye ought to say.
The Parable of the Rich Fool
13And one of the company said unto him, Master, speak to my brother, that he divide the inheritance with me.
14And he said unto him, Man, who made me a judge or a divider over you?
15And he said unto them, Take heed, and beware of covetousness: for a man's life consisteth not in the abundance of the things which he possesseth.
16And he spake a parable unto them, saying, The ground of a certain rich man brought forth plentifully:
17And he thought within himself, saying, What shall I do, because I have no room where to bestow my fruits?
18And he said, This will I do: I will pull down my barns, and build greater; and there will I bestow all my fruits and my goods.
19And I will say to my soul, Soul, thou hast much goods laid up for many years; take thine ease, eat, drink, and be merry.
20But God said unto him, Thou fool, this night thy soul shall be required of thee: then whose shall those things be, which thou hast provided?
21So is he that layeth up treasure for himself, and is not rich toward God.
Do Not Worry
22And he said unto his disciples, Therefore I say unto you, Take no thought for your life, what ye shall eat; neither for the body, what ye shall put on.
23The life is more than meat, and the body is more than raiment.
24Consider the ravens: for they neither sow nor reap; which neither have storehouse nor barn; and God feedeth them: how much more are ye better than the fowls?
25And which of you with taking thought can add to his stature one cubit?
26If ye then be not able to do that thing which is least, why take ye thought for the rest?
27Consider the lilies how they grow: they toil not, they spin not; and yet I say unto you, that Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these.
28If then God so clothe the grass, which is to day in the field, and to morrow is cast into the oven; how much more will he clothe you, O ye of little faith?
29And seek not ye what ye shall eat, or what ye shall drink, neither be ye of doubtful mind.
30For all these things do the nations of the world seek after: and your Father knoweth that ye have need of these things.
31But rather seek ye the kingdom of God; and all these things shall be added unto you.
32Fear not, little flock; for it is your Father's good pleasure to give you the kingdom.
33Sell that ye have, and give alms; provide yourselves bags which wax not old, a treasure in the heavens that faileth not, where no thief approacheth, neither moth corrupteth.
34For where your treasure is, there will your heart be also.
Watchfulness
35Let your loins be girded about, and your lights burning;
36And ye yourselves like unto men that wait for their lord, when he will return from the wedding; that when he cometh and knocketh, they may open unto him immediately.
37Blessed are those servants, whom the lord when he cometh shall find watching: verily I say unto you, that he shall gird himself, and make them to sit down to meat, and will come forth and serve them.
38And if he shall come in the second watch, or come in the third watch, and find them so, blessed are those servants.
39And this know, that if the goodman of the house had known what hour the thief would come, he would have watched, and not have suffered his house to be broken through.
40Be ye therefore ready also: for the Son of man cometh at an hour when ye think not.
41Then Peter said unto him, Lord, speakest thou this parable unto us, or even to all?
42And the Lord said, Who then is that faithful and wise steward, whom his lord shall make ruler over his household, to give them their portion of meat in due season?
43Blessed is that servant, whom his lord when he cometh shall find so doing.
44Of a truth I say unto you, that he will make him ruler over all that he hath.
45But and if that servant say in his heart, My lord delayeth his coming; and shall begin to beat the menservants and maidens, and to eat and drink, and to be drunken;
46The lord of that servant will come in a day when he looketh not for him, and at an hour when he is not aware, and will cut him in sunder, and will appoint him his portion with the unbelievers.
47And that servant, which knew his lord's will, and prepared not himself, neither did according to his will, shall be beaten with many stripes.
48But he that knew not, and did commit things worthy of stripes, shall be beaten with few stripes. For unto whomsoever much is given, of him shall be much required: and to whom men have committed much, of him they will ask the more.
Not Peace, but Division
49I am come to send fire on the earth; and what will I, if it be already kindled?
50But I have a baptism to be baptized with; and how am I straitened till it be accomplished!
51Suppose ye that I am come to give peace on earth? I tell you, Nay; but rather division:
52For from henceforth there shall be five in one house divided, three against two, and two against three.
53The father shall be divided against the son, and the son against the father; the mother against the daughter, and the daughter against the mother; the mother in law against her daughter in law, and the daughter in law against her mother in law.
Interpreting the Times
54And he said also to the people, When ye see a cloud rise out of the west, straightway ye say, There cometh a shower; and so it is.
55And when ye see the south wind blow, ye say, There will be heat; and it cometh to pass.
56Ye hypocrites, ye can discern the face of the sky and of the earth; but how is it that ye do not discern this time?
57Yea, and why even of yourselves judge ye not what is right?
58When thou goest with thine adversary to the magistrate, as thou art in the way, give diligence that thou mayest be delivered from him; lest he hale thee to the judge, and the judge deliver thee to the officer, and the officer cast thee into prison.
59I tell thee, thou shalt not depart thence, till thou hast paid the very last mite.
Summary
Jesus warns His disciples against the leaven of the Pharisees, which is hypocrisy. He encourages them not to fear those who can kill the body but to fear God alone. He assures them of their great value to the Father and promises the Holy Spirit's help when they face persecution.
A man asks Jesus to settle an inheritance dispute, and Jesus tells the parable of the rich fool who stored up goods for himself but was not rich toward God. He teaches about anxiety, urging trust in God's provision. He calls them to seek the kingdom, be ready for the master's return, and understand that His coming will bring division.
Meaning
The parable of the rich fool is a stark warning that life does not consist in the abundance of possessions. The man's fatal error was not his wealth but his self-centered use of it and his assumption that he controlled his own future. God called him a fool on the very night he thought he was most secure.
Jesus' teaching on anxiety is not a call to irresponsibility but to trust. The lilies and ravens do not worry yet God cares for them. How much more will He care for His children? The antidote to anxiety is not positive thinking but seeking the kingdom of God above all else.
Background
The inheritance dispute brought to Jesus was common in Jewish society, where rabbis were expected to arbitrate legal matters. Jesus refused the role of judge, instead addressing the deeper spiritual issue of covetousness that lay behind the question.
The rich fool's plan to build bigger barns and take his ease reflects a worldview centered entirely on self. The phrase this night thy soul shall be required of thee uses language suggesting a debt being called in, portraying life itself as something entrusted by God.
Chapter Outline
- vv. 1-12Warning against hypocrisy and fear
- vv. 13-21The parable of the rich fool
- vv. 22-34Do not be anxious; seek the kingdom
- vv. 35-40Watchful servants awaiting their lord
- vv. 41-48The faithful and wise steward
- vv. 49-53Christ brings fire and division
- vv. 54-59Discerning the present time
Key Verses
“And he said unto them, Take heed, and beware of covetousness: for a man's life consisteth not in the abundance of the things which he possesseth.”— 12:15
A foundational warning against materialism, introducing the Parable of the Rich Fool. Frequently cited in teachings on stewardship and the dangers of greed.
“But even the very hairs of your head are all numbered. Fear not therefore: ye are of more value than many sparrows.”— 12:7
A beloved assurance of God's intimate providential care, used throughout Christian devotion to comfort believers facing fear and persecution.
“For where your treasure is, there will your heart be also.”— 12:34
One of Jesus' most quoted aphorisms on the spiritual gravity of possessions, linking outward investment to inward affection.
“For unto whomsoever much is given, of him shall be much required: and to whom men have committed much, of him they will ask the more.”— 12:48
The classic biblical formulation of proportional accountability, shaping Christian ethics of stewardship and leadership for centuries.
People & Places
People
- Jesus — The teacher addressing disciples and the multitude with warnings, parables, and eschatological exhortations.
- Pharisees — Religious leaders whose hypocrisy Jesus likens to corrupting leaven.
- Peter — Disciple who interrupts to ask whether the parable of watchfulness applies to the Twelve or to all.
- Solomon — Israel's proverbially glorious king, invoked as a foil to the lilies' natural splendor.
- The Rich Fool — Parabolic figure who hoards harvests in greater barns and dies the very night of his self-congratulation.
Prophecy & Fulfillment
Jesus speaks prophetically of his own impending passion in verses 49-50, describing a 'baptism' he must undergo — a veiled reference to the cross and the suffering that awaits him in Jerusalem. He also foretells the eschatological return of the Son of Man (vv. 40, 46), warning of an unexpected hour of reckoning. The prediction of household division (vv. 51-53) echoes Micah 7:6, presenting Jesus as the dividing line of history whose coming forces decisive allegiance.
Devotional
Luke 12 presses two questions on the heart: what do you fear, and where is your treasure? Jesus gently dismantles the anxieties that drive us — the need to impress, to accumulate, to secure tomorrow — by pointing to a Father who numbers sparrows and clothes lilies.
The rich fool's tragedy is not that he planned, but that he planned without God. True wealth is measured by what we give, not what we store.
Live today as one expecting the Master's return: hands open, lamps burning, unafraid. The same God who knows every hair on your head is worthy of every corner of your life.
Literary Style
Teaching discourse weaving together prophetic warning, parable (the Rich Fool, the Watchful Servants, the Faithful Steward), wisdom sayings, and apocalyptic exhortation. Marked by vivid agrarian imagery (ravens, lilies, barns), rhetorical questions, and antithetical parallelism contrasting fear and faith, treasure and heart.