Chapter Text
The Temptation of Jesus
And Jesus being full of the Holy Ghost returned from Jordan, and was led by the Spirit into the wilderness,
2Being forty days tempted of the devil. And in those days he did eat nothing : and when they were ended, he afterward hungered.
3And the devil said unto him, If thou be the Son of God, command this stone that it be made bread.
4And Jesus answered him , saying, It is written, That man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word of God.
5And the devil, taking him up into an high mountain, shewed unto him all the kingdoms of the world in a moment of time.
6And the devil said unto him, All this power will I give thee, and the glory of them: for that is delivered unto me; and to whomsoever I will I give it.
7If thou therefore wilt worship me , all shall be thine.
8And Jesus answered and said unto him, Get thee behind me, Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve.
9And he brought him to Jerusalem, and set him on a pinnacle of the temple, and said unto him, If thou be the Son of God, cast thyself down from hence:
10For it is written, He shall give his angels charge over thee, to keep thee:
11And in their hands they shall bear thee up, lest at any time thou dash thy foot against a stone.
12And Jesus answering said unto him, It is said , Thou shalt not tempt the Lord thy God.
13And when the devil had ended all the temptation, he departed from him for a season.
Jesus Rejected at Nazareth
14And Jesus returned in the power of the Spirit into Galilee: and there went out a fame of him through all the region round about.
15And he taught in their synagogues, being glorified of all.
16And he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up: and, as his custom was, he went into the synagogue on the sabbath day, and stood up for to read.
17And there was delivered unto him the book of the prophet Esaias. And when he had opened the book, he found the place where it was written,
18The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he hath anointed me to preach the gospel to the poor; he hath sent me to heal the brokenhearted , to preach deliverance to the captives, and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at liberty them that are bruised,
19To preach the acceptable year of the Lord.
20And he closed the book, and he gave it again to the minister, and sat down. And the eyes of all them that were in the synagogue were fastened on him.
21And he began to say unto them, This day is this scripture fulfilled in your ears.
22And all bare him witness, and wondered at the gracious words which proceeded out of his mouth. And they said, Is not this Joseph's son?
23And he said unto them, Ye will surely say unto me this proverb, Physician, heal thyself: whatsoever we have heard done in Capernaum, do also here in thy country.
24And he said, Verily I say unto you, No prophet is accepted in his own country.
25But I tell you of a truth, many widows were in Israel in the days of Elias, when the heaven was shut up three years and six months, when great famine was throughout all the land;
26But unto none of them was Elias sent, save unto Sarepta, a city of Sidon, unto a woman that was a widow.
27And many lepers were in Israel in the time of Eliseus the prophet; and none of them was cleansed, saving Naaman the Syrian.
28And all they in the synagogue, when they heard these things, were filled with wrath,
29And rose up, and thrust him out of the city, and led him unto the brow of the hill whereon their city was built, that they might cast him down headlong.
30But he passing through the midst of them went his way,
Jesus Drives Out an Evil Spirit
31And came down to Capernaum, a city of Galilee, and taught them on the sabbath days.
32And they were astonished at his doctrine: for his word was with power.
33And in the synagogue there was a man, which had a spirit of an unclean devil, and cried out with a loud voice,
34Saying, Let us alone; what have we to do with thee, thou Jesus of Nazareth? art thou come to destroy us? I know thee who thou art; the Holy One of God.
35And Jesus rebuked him, saying, Hold thy peace, and come out of him. And when the devil had thrown him in the midst, he came out of him, and hurt him not.
36And they were all amazed, and spake among themselves, saying, What a word is this! for with authority and power he commandeth the unclean spirits, and they come out.
37And the fame of him went out into every place of the country round about.
Jesus Heals Many
38And he arose out of the synagogue, and entered into Simon's house. And Simon's wife's mother was taken with a great fever; and they besought him for her.
39And he stood over her, and rebuked the fever; and it left her: and immediately she arose and ministered unto them.
40Now when the sun was setting, all they that had any sick with divers diseases brought them unto him; and he laid his hands on every one of them, and healed them.
41And devils also came out of many, crying out, and saying, Thou art Christ the Son of God. And he rebuking them suffered them not to speak: for they knew that he was Christ.
42And when it was day, he departed and went into a desert place: and the people sought him, and came unto him, and stayed him, that he should not depart from them.
43And he said unto them, I must preach the kingdom of God to other cities also: for therefore am I sent.
44And he preached in the synagogues of Galilee.
Summary
Jesus, full of the Holy Spirit, is led into the wilderness where He fasts forty days and is tempted by the devil. He resists each temptation with Scripture and the devil departs for a season. Jesus returns in the power of the Spirit to Galilee, teaching in synagogues and gaining widespread acclaim.
In the synagogue at Nazareth, He reads from Isaiah 61 and declares the Scripture fulfilled in their hearing. The people initially marvel but then reject Him when He references God's grace to Gentiles. They attempt to throw Him from a cliff, but He passes through their midst. He teaches and casts out demons in Capernaum.
Meaning
Luke's temptation account emphasizes that Jesus entered the wilderness full of the Spirit and returned in the power of the Spirit, showing that the temptation was not a detour but a necessary preparation for ministry. Victory over the enemy precedes effective public service.
The Nazareth sermon is programmatic for Luke's entire Gospel. Jesus' declaration that He came to preach good tidings to the poor, heal the brokenhearted, and set captives free defines His mission. The congregation's rage at His mention of Gentile recipients of grace foreshadows Israel's broader rejection and the gospel's movement to the nations.
Background
Isaiah 61 was recognized as a messianic text. Jesus stopped reading mid-sentence, before the phrase about the day of vengeance of our God, suggesting that His first coming focused on mercy rather than judgment.
The references to Elijah and the widow of Zarephath and Elisha and Naaman the Syrian were particularly provocative because both stories involved God bypassing Israel to bless Gentiles. This was deeply offensive to the nationalistic expectations of the Nazareth congregation.
Chapter Outline
- vv. 1-13Temptation in the wilderness
- vv. 14-15Return to Galilee in power
- vv. 16-21Reading Isaiah at Nazareth
- vv. 22-30Rejection in his hometown
- vv. 31-37Authority over an unclean spirit
- vv. 38-41Healing at Simon's house
- vv. 42-44Preaching throughout Galilee
Key Verses
“And Jesus answered him, saying, It is written, That man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word of God.”— 4:4
Jesus answers the first temptation by quoting Deuteronomy 8:3, establishing Scripture as the decisive weapon against satanic suggestion and affirming that spiritual sustenance surpasses physical need.
“And Jesus answered and said unto him, Get thee behind me, Satan: for it is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and him only shalt thou serve.”— 4:8
This verse anchors the first commandment in Christ's own practice, declaring exclusive worship of God as the non-negotiable center of human existence.
“The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, because he hath anointed me to preach the gospel to the poor; he hath sent me to heal the brokenhearted, to preach deliverance to the captives, and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at liberty them that are bruised,”— 4:18
Quoting Isaiah 61, Jesus formally announces his messianic mission. This Nazareth manifesto frames his entire ministry as one of liberation, healing, and good news to the marginalized.
“And he began to say unto them, This day is this scripture fulfilled in your ears.”— 4:21
With one sentence Jesus claims to be the fulfillment of Isaiah's prophecy, making this among the most direct messianic self-declarations in the Gospels.
People & Places
People
- Jesus — The Son of God, who resists temptation, inaugurates his public ministry, and heals the sick.
- The devil (Satan) — The tempter who challenges Jesus in the wilderness with three trials of identity and loyalty.
- Esaias (Isaiah) — The Old Testament prophet whose scroll Jesus reads in the Nazareth synagogue.
- Joseph — Jesus' legal father, referenced by the Nazarenes who knew Jesus as 'Joseph's son.'
- Elias (Elijah) — The prophet Jesus cites as having been sent to a Gentile widow during Israel's famine.
- Eliseus (Elisha) — The prophet Jesus references for cleansing Naaman the Syrian rather than Israelite lepers.
- Naaman — The Syrian commander healed of leprosy by Elisha, cited as an example of God's grace to Gentiles.
- Simon (Peter) — The disciple in whose house Jesus heals his mother-in-law of a fever.
- Simon's wife's mother — Healed of a great fever by Jesus, after which she rises and ministers to them.
Places
- Jordan — The river from which Jesus returns after his baptism, filled with the Holy Ghost.
- The wilderness — The desolate region where Jesus fasts forty days and is tempted by the devil.
- Jerusalem — The holy city, site of the temple pinnacle where Satan tempts Jesus to leap.
- Galilee — The northern region where Jesus begins his preaching ministry in power.
- Nazareth — Jesus' hometown, where he reads from Isaiah and is rejected by his own neighbors.
- Sarepta — A city of Sidon where Elijah was sent to a Gentile widow during famine.
- Sidon — The coastal Gentile region containing Sarepta, cited to highlight God's mercy beyond Israel.
- Capernaum — The Galilean city that becomes a hub of Jesus' teaching, exorcism, and healing ministry.
Prophecy & Fulfillment
In verses 18-19 Jesus reads from Isaiah 61:1-2, then declares in verse 21, 'This day is this scripture fulfilled in your ears.' He explicitly identifies himself as the Spirit-anointed servant whom Isaiah foresaw, sent to proclaim good news, liberty, and the acceptable year of the Lord. Notably, he stops mid-sentence before Isaiah's mention of 'the day of vengeance,' signaling that his first advent is one of grace. The unclean spirits' confession in verses 34 and 41 ('the Holy One of God,' 'Christ the Son of God') further attests his messianic identity.
Devotional
Luke 4 shows a Savior who meets temptation with Scripture, not willpower. When hunger, ambition, and spectacle press in, Jesus answers each with 'it is written'—a quiet reminder that the Word we hide in our hearts becomes the ground we stand on under pressure.
Notice too where his ministry begins: with the poor, the brokenhearted, the captive, the bruised. If we want to walk in step with Christ, we will find ourselves drawn toward the same people he sought. And like the Nazarenes, we may be tempted to domesticate him as 'Joseph's son.' He refuses to be small. He comes to set free.
Literary Style
Gospel narrative weaving three movements: a stylized temptation dialogue structured around three Scripture exchanges, a programmatic synagogue sermon featuring direct prophetic quotation, and rapid miracle accounts. Luke uses vivid scene shifts, reported speech, and Old Testament citation to frame Jesus' inaugural ministry.