The LORD hath mingled a perverse spirit in the midst thereof: and they have caused Egypt to err in every work thereof, as a drunken man staggereth in his vomit.
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Commentary
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Gill's Exposition
The Lord hath mingled a perverse spirit in the midst thereof,.... A spirit of error, as the Targum, Septuagint, and Arabic versions; or of giddiness, as the Vulgate Latin: this he mingled in a cup for…
Barnes' Notes
The Lord hath mingled - The word מסך mâsak, “to mingle,” is used commonly to denote the act of mixing spices with wine to make it more intoxicating Pro 9:2, Pro 9:5; Isa 5:22. Here it means that…
Though the land of Egypt had of old been a house of bondage to the people of God, where they had been ruled with rigour, yet among the unbelieving Jews there still remained much of the humour of their…
Cambridge Bible
Their intellectual confusion is caused by "a spirit" from Jehovah (but not personified as in 1Ki 22:21 f.) a perverse spirit Better a spirit of perverseness (R.V.). Cf. "spirit of deep slumber," ch.…
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