Chapter Text
Not One Is Upright
Run ye to and fro through the streets of Jerusalem, and see now, and know, and seek in the broad places thereof, if ye can find a man, if there be any that executeth judgment, that seeketh the truth; and I will pardon it.
2And though they say, The LORD liveth; surely they swear falsely.
3O LORD, are not thine eyes upon the truth? thou hast stricken them, but they have not grieved; thou hast consumed them, but they have refused to receive correction: they have made their faces harder than a rock; they have refused to return.
4Therefore I said, Surely these are poor; they are foolish: for they know not the way of the LORD, nor the judgment of their God.
5I will get me unto the great men, and will speak unto them; for they have known the way of the LORD, and the judgment of their God: but these have altogether broken the yoke, and burst the bonds.
6Wherefore a lion out of the forest shall slay them, and a wolf of the evenings shall spoil them, a leopard shall watch over their cities: every one that goeth out thence shall be torn in pieces: because their transgressions are many, and their backslidings are increased.
7How shall I pardon thee for this? thy children have forsaken me, and sworn by them that are no gods: when I had fed them to the full, they then committed adultery, and assembled themselves by troops in the harlots' houses.
8They were as fed horses in the morning: every one neighed after his neighbour's wife.
9Shall I not visit for these things? saith the LORD: and shall not my soul be avenged on such a nation as this?
10Go ye up upon her walls, and destroy; but make not a full end: take away her battlements; for they are not the LORD'S.
11For the house of Israel and the house of Judah have dealt very treacherously against me, saith the LORD.
12They have belied the LORD, and said, It is not he; neither shall evil come upon us; neither shall we see sword nor famine:
13And the prophets shall become wind, and the word is not in them: thus shall it be done unto them.
Fire from God
14Wherefore thus saith the LORD God of hosts, Because ye speak this word, behold, I will make my words in thy mouth fire, and this people wood, and it shall devour them.
15Lo, I will bring a nation upon you from far, O house of Israel, saith the LORD: it is a mighty nation, it is an ancient nation, a nation whose language thou knowest not, neither understandest what they say.
16Their quiver is as an open sepulchre, they are all mighty men.
17And they shall eat up thine harvest, and thy bread, which thy sons and thy daughters should eat: they shall eat up thy flocks and thine herds: they shall eat up thy vines and thy fig trees: they shall impoverish thy fenced cities, wherein thou trustedst, with the sword.
18Nevertheless in those days, saith the LORD, I will not make a full end with you.
19And it shall come to pass, when ye shall say, Wherefore doeth the LORD our God all these things unto us? then shalt thou answer them, Like as ye have forsaken me, and served strange gods in your land, so shall ye serve strangers in a land that is not yours.
20Declare this in the house of Jacob, and publish it in Judah, saying,
21Hear now this, O foolish people, and without understanding; which have eyes, and see not; which have ears, and hear not:
22Fear ye not me? saith the LORD: will ye not tremble at my presence, which have placed the sand for the bound of the sea by a perpetual decree, that it cannot pass it: and though the waves thereof toss themselves, yet can they not prevail; though they roar, yet can they not pass over it?
23But this people hath a revolting and a rebellious heart; they are revolted and gone.
24Neither say they in their heart, Let us now fear the LORD our God, that giveth rain, both the former and the latter, in his season: he reserveth unto us the appointed weeks of the harvest.
False Prophets and Wicked Leaders
25Your iniquities have turned away these things, and your sins have withholden good things from you.
26For among my people are found wicked men: they lay wait, as he that setteth snares; they set a trap, they catch men.
27As a cage is full of birds, so are their houses full of deceit: therefore they are become great, and waxen rich.
28They are waxen fat, they shine: yea, they overpass the deeds of the wicked: they judge not the cause, the cause of the fatherless, yet they prosper; and the right of the needy do they not judge.
29Shall I not visit for these things? saith the LORD: shall not my soul be avenged on such a nation as this?
30A wonderful and horrible thing is committed in the land;
31The prophets prophesy falsely, and the priests bear rule by their means; and my people love to have it so: and what will ye do in the end thereof?
Summary
Jeremiah is commanded to search Jerusalem for even one righteous person, and if found, God will pardon the city. Yet high and low alike have broken the yoke and burst the bonds of obedience to God.
Wild beasts shall devour them because their transgressions are many. God asks why He should pardon a people whose children have forsaken Him and sworn by false gods. Even when God fed them to the full, they committed adultery and assembled at the harlot's house.
Meaning
The search for one righteous person recalls Abraham's intercession for Sodom in Genesis 18. The failure to find even one faithful soul in Jerusalem reveals the depth of corporate corruption.
This chapter teaches that prosperity without gratitude leads to moral collapse. When God filled their needs, they used His blessings to fuel their sins. The imagery of wild beasts devouring the people shows that those who reject divine protection are left vulnerable to destruction from every quarter.
Background
The challenge to find one righteous person in Jerusalem echoes the ancient bargaining between God and Abraham over Sodom. Jerusalem's population at this time was substantial, making the absence of even one righteous person a devastating indictment.
The social conditions described reflect the late monarchy period when economic prosperity coexisted with deep moral and spiritual corruption.
Chapter Outline
- vv. 1-6The Search for One Righteous Man
- vv. 7-9Idolatry and Spiritual Adultery
- vv. 10-13Judgment on a Faithless People
- vv. 14-19A Distant Nation Summoned
- vv. 20-25The Sea Obeys, the People Rebel
- vv. 26-31Corrupt Leaders and Willing Hearers
Key Verses
“Run ye to and fro through the streets of Jerusalem, and see now, and know, and seek in the broad places thereof, if ye can find a man, if there be any that executeth judgment, that seeketh the truth; and I will pardon it.”— 5:1
Echoing Abraham's plea for Sodom, the LORD offers to spare Jerusalem for the sake of a single righteous man—an indictment of the city's total moral collapse and a measure of divine mercy poised against pervasive sin.
“Fear ye not me? saith the LORD: will ye not tremble at my presence, which have placed the sand for the bound of the sea by a perpetual decree, that it cannot pass it: and though the waves thereof toss themselves, yet can they not prevail; though they roar, yet can they not pass over it?”— 5:22
A majestic creation hymn embedded in judgment oracle, contrasting the obedient sea with the rebellious heart of Judah and grounding the call to fear God in His sovereign rule over nature.
“The prophets prophesy falsely, and the priests bear rule by their means; and my people love to have it so: and what will ye do in the end thereof?”— 5:31
A devastating verdict on corrupted spiritual leadership and a willingly deceived populace—frequently cited as a warning against itching ears and complicit congregations who prefer comforting lies to the truth.
People & Places
People
- Jeremiah — The weeping prophet, here delivering the LORD's indictment against Jerusalem and Judah.
- The LORD (Yahweh) — The covenant God of Israel who speaks throughout the chapter, weighing pardon against judgment.
Places
- Jerusalem — The capital of Judah, searched in vain for a righteous man who executes judgment and seeks truth.
- Judah — The southern kingdom whose treachery against the LORD parallels that of the house of Israel.
- House of Jacob / Israel — The covenant people as a whole, addressed in their rebellion and warned of an approaching foreign invader.
Prophecy & Fulfillment
Verses 15–17 foretell the LORD bringing a distant, ancient nation of unknown tongue against Judah—a prophecy fulfilled when Nebuchadnezzar's Babylonian armies invaded, devoured the land's harvests, and besieged its fortified cities (2 Kings 24–25). The qualifying word in verse 18, that He will 'not make a full end,' anticipates the preservation of a remnant and the eventual return from exile. Verse 19 names the principle of poetic justice: because they served strange gods in their land, they would serve strangers in a foreign land.
Devotional
Jeremiah 5 confronts a sobering truth: God searches not for crowds but for one faithful person who seeks truth and does justice. In a culture quick to swear by God's name yet slow to live by His ways, this chapter asks whether our worship matches our walk.
Notice how the sea obeys its boundary while the human heart resists its Maker. The waves know their limits; we often do not. Today, ask the Lord to soften any place where correction has bounced off a hardened face, and to make you the kind of person He could pardon a city for finding.
Literary Style
Prophetic oracle in Hebrew poetic form, blending courtroom indictment, lament, and judgment speech. Marked by rhetorical questions, vivid animal and agricultural imagery (lion, wolf, leopard, fed horses, snared birds), creation hymn (v. 22), and the recurring divine refrain 'shall I not visit for these things?'